SMART RESTAURANT

                              The smart restaurant is a concept where a restaurant working is based on using state of the art technology from reservation to ordering and storing customer records. The traditional restaurant system working is replaced by use of smart phones, tablets or graphical user interface interactive touch screens. Customers will order their meal through tablets, so that the order is directly routed to the kitchen via a central server. Also customer’s records are permanently maintained in the central server which can be used later for marketing, accounts and sales purposes. The smart restaurant reduces workload of the staff employed for hospitality services. The kitchen will have an interface where orders will be served according to priority (first come first serve). The customers will order from an android app installed on a tablet when they are in the restaurant or from their home for home delivery services.

                               The existing food ordering system in most of the hotels is entirely a manual process which involves waiters, pen and paper. The waiter had to get order from customers, take these orders to kitchen, update them in records and again generate bill for the ordered food. Even though this system is simple it may involve human errors in noting down the orders, forwarding it to chef, and finally calculating the bill. To overcome these limitations in manual system some systems were developed like PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) based systems and multi touchable restaurant management systems to automate food ordering process. Our main motivation is to completely automate the ordering process in restaurants and hotels to improve the efficiency and reduce the problems faced by the customers.

                                           The block diagram basically shows all the modules and their connection with the central server. The customer module (android application) and the kitchen module (GUI) are connected with the server over a Wi-Fi network which will be provided in the restaurant. While the home delivery and reservation module will be connected over the internet via a website or an external android application. It will be basically used for the parcel system or table booking.

This system is implemented to enhance the security and protect the device against thefts. Figure below shows the circuit diagram of the buzzer circuit which will be attached to an android phone or a tablet. If a customer tries to pull the phone/tablet out of its position, the buzzer will ring with a noticeable sound. It is powered by a 9V battery.

Summary:

• Manager login page is used for manager/admin login at the start of the day for security purpose.
• Database of the restaurant is displayed on the android app dashboard which is the complete overview of the main menu and other features of the restaurant. 
• Every login and logout has been password protected to ensure security. 
•  The flow diagram depicts the entire work flow of the project in a step wise procedure.
•  The hardware includes a buzzer circuit which has been implemented to ensure security and protect the device against thefts.

Animal Shelter using Bluetooth and RFID tags

                        Security and handling of life stock is a very important task in the farm. Handling large amount of livestock manually is a tedious process that consumes a lot of time and manpower .To avoid wastage of time and manpower, livestock handling can easily be done using peripherals of today's technology. We have used a small scale micro controller to do the same. using a micro controller and the basic R.F.I.D technology, the purpose of handling of cattle can be achieved easily.

Since in the farm there are a large variety of animals present and each kind of animal has to be protected from the other kind. Segregating them according to their kind is a very difficult task and takes a lot of time. Hence we a put a collar on the neck of every animals present in the farm. This collar have a RFID tag attached to it. The RFID tags provided to a specific kind of animal will have a particular code and the particular code will be stored in the micro controller which is connected to the RFID tag reader. If the RFID tag matches the RFID reader the gate of the shelter provided to a particular animal will open and the animal will be granted access into the shelter. Also the owner of the farm will be able to control the shelter gates using an app which is Bluetooth interfaced with the micro controller which is used with RFID reader. The owner will have the power to disable the gates of the shelter and manually control it using the app that is provide in this smartphone.

   

RFID:

RFID systems can be classified by the type of tag and reader. A Passive Reader Active Tag (PRAT) system has a passive reader which only receives radio signals from active tags (battery operated, transmit only). The reception range of a PRAT system reader can be adjusted from 1–2,000 feet (0–600 m), allowing flexibility in applications such as asset protection and supervision.

i) An Active Reader Passive Tag (ARPT) system has an active reader, which transmits interrogator signals and also receives authentication replies from passive tags.

ii) An Active Reader Active Tag (ARAT) system uses active tags awoken with an interrogator signal from the active reader. A variation of this system could also use a Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) tag which acts like a passive tag but has a small battery to power the tag's return reporting signal.

Bluetooth module HC-05:

These modules are based on the Cambridge Silicon Radio BC417 2.4 GHz Bluetooth Radio chip. This is a complex chip which uses an external 8 Mbit flash memory. HC-05 is a more capable module that can be set to be either Master or Slave. These small (3 cm long) modules run on 3.3 V power with 3.3 V signal levels, They have no pins and usually solder to a larger board.

Circuit diagram:

When the system starts, the doors are set to be in closed position. Manual mode is off when system starts. When manual mode is off, only rfid input are to be taken via rfid reader(EM-18), while when manual mode is on, only Bluetooth inputs are to be taken via the android app. The Bluetooth module(HC-05) has to be paired previously with the phone by input of a pairing code.

For connection, after opening the app, click on search for devices. A new screen appears displaying the list of paired Bluetooth devices. Select the device (HC-05) to connect.

                                        

When the phone is connected to the Bluetooth module, a message appears on the app that says ‘connected’. On successful connection, user can choose to enable or disable manual mode. If manual mode is enabled, 2 buttons appear in app that allow to open or close the door manually.When manual mode is disabled, the buttons disappear on the app, ie. Only rfid inputs will be accepted. If the correct tag was scanned, then the door will open for 10 seconds and then close. If incorrect tag was scanned, then nothing should happen. 

Voice Controlled Wheel Chair using Bluetooth for differently abled

                                          This project is a voice operated wheel chair for the differently abled that is intended to ease the lives of the people who are physically challenged. This project, basically, is a wheel chair that can be controlled wirelessly using android devices, through Bluetooth. The software of this project is designed to run on commonly used android platforms. The application that controls the wheel chair with the voice was developed on MIT App inventor platform for android. This application utilizes the inbuilt microphone and software of android devices such as phone to listen to the speaker. Then the speech is processed in Google’s speech to text engine to interpret the voice and translate it to a text string that can be transmitted to the wheel chair using Bluetooth. This control of the wheel chair using an android phone makes it easier for implementation and cost reduction.
          

•  Software--Since the android device controls the wheel chair, it was required to design an android application that can work on all the existing smart phones and other devices. This Section explains the application development for the project.

•  Android Application--The application used to control the wheel chair is based on the android environment. This application was developed using an open source application development program called ‘MIT app inventor’.MIT app Inventor is an innovative beginner's introduction to programming and app creation that transforms the complex language of text-based coding into visual, drag-and-drop building blocks. The simple graphical interface grants even an inexperienced novice the ability to create a basic, fully functional app within an hour or less.

•  Speech to Text Conversion--The voice recognition engine that converts the speech to text is based on Google’s voice recognition software. It utilizes the ‘Google Now’ platform to convert the speech to text by listening to the speaker using the phone’s inbuilt microphones and processes the sound using the Google’s voice recognition software in real time. This combined with the android app, convert the speech into text string that is transmitted serially through Bluetooth communication.

•     HARDWARE--Since this project is intended for the economically backward people, theImplementation of this project demands that the hardware used in the project Is not only inexpensive but also widely available. This part of the project deals with the hardware implementation of the project. 

•  Motor Driver(L293D)--This project utilizes the L293D motor driver to control the motors of the wheel chair. This is a typical Motor driver or Motor Driver IC that allows DC motor to be driven in both directions. It is a 16-pin IC that can control a set of two DC motors simultaneously in any direction. It means that two DC motors can be controlled with just a single unit.It works on the concept of H-bridge. H-bridge is a circuit that allows the voltage to be flown in either direction. Change in voltage changes the direction, clockwise or anticlockwise. In a single chip, there are two H-bridge circuits inside that rotate two dc motors independently. Due its size, it is very much used in robotic application for controlling DC motors. Given below is the pin diagram of a L293D motor controller.

There are 4 input pins, pin 2, 7 on the left and pin 15, 10 on the right as shown on the pin diagram. Left input pins will regulate the rotation of motor connected across left side and right input for motor on the right hand side. The motors are rotated because of the inputs provided across the input pins as LOGIC 0 or LOGIC 1.

Pin 2	Pin 7	Condition
1	0	Clockwise Direction
0	1	Anti clockwise
0	0	Idle (High imepedance)
1	1	Idle

Table. 2.1 L293D Logic Table.

Suppose a motor is connected on left side output pins (pin 3, 6). For rotating the motor in clockwise direction, the input pins have to be provided with Logic 1 and Logic 0.  

•   Arduino  

Specifications:

The Atmel 8-bit AVR RISC-based microcontroller combines 32 KB ISP flash memory with read-while-write capabilities, 1 KB EEPROM, 2 KB SRAM, 23 general purpose I/O lines, 32 general purpose working registers, three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupts, serial programmable USART, a byte-oriented 2-wire serial interface, SPI serial port, 6-channel 10-bit A/D converter (8-channels in TQFP and QFN/MLF packages), programmable watchdog timer with internal oscillator, and five software selectable power saving modes. The device operates between 1.8-5.5 volts. The device achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz.

•  Bluetooth Module

HC-05 module is an easy to use Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, designed for transparent wireless serial connection setup. Serial port Bluetooth module is fully qualified Bluetooth V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete 2.4GHz radio transceiver and baseband. It uses CSR Bluecore 04-External single chip Bluetooth system with CMOS technology and with AFH(Adaptive Frequency Hopping Feature). It has the footprint as small as 12.7mmx27mm.

Hardware: Features

·         Typical -80dBm sensitivity

·         Up to +4dBm RF transmit power

·         Low Power 1.8V Operation ,1.8 to 3.6V I/O

·         PIO control

·         UART interface with programmable baud rate

·         With integrated antenna

·         With edge connector

•  Interfacing BT module with Arduino

            The Figure 2.3 shows interface between Arduino Uno and Bluetooth module HC05 and

            The corresponding connections.

•   Block Diagram

          The block diagram of the project is as shown below.

The block diagram consists of arduino Uno, Bluetooth module,motor drivr,motors,lead acid battery,ultrasonic sensors and a smart phone consisting of Bluetooth.

The voice command from the phone is transmitted by Bluetooth to the Bluetooth module(HC-05) which is connected to the arduino.the motor drivers are used to drive the motors of the wheel.The ultrasonic sensor(HC-SR04) measures the distance between the wheelchair and any obstacle in front and prevents accidents.

Code:

#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

SoftwareSerial BT(10,11); //TX,RX respectively

String readvoice;

int in1=3;

int in2=4;

int in3=5;

int in4=6;

int pwm1=8;

int pwm2=9;

int pwm=255;

int trig=12;

int echo=13;

int time,dist;

void setup()

{

  BT.begin(9600);

  Serial.begin(9600);

pinMode(in1,OUTPUT);

    pinMode(in2,OUTPUT);

      pinMode(in3,OUTPUT);

        pinMode(in4,OUTPUT);

        pinMode(pwm1,OUTPUT);

      pinMode(pwm2,OUTPUT);

         pinMode(trig,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(echo,INPUT);

}

void loop()

{

  while(BT.available()) //Check if there is an avilable byte

  {

    delay(10);//Delay added to make thing stable

    char c = BT.read(); //Conduct a serial read

    readvoice += c; //build the string

  }

  digitalWrite(trig,LOW);

  delayMicroseconds(5);

  digitalWrite(trig,HIGH);

  delayMicroseconds(10);

  digitalWrite(trig,LOW);

  time= pulseIn(echo,HIGH);

  dist= (time/58.2);

  Serial.println(dist);

  delay(1000);

  

  if(dist<90)

  {

     digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

  analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

  }

 if(readvoice.length() > 0){

    Serial.println(readvoice);

    

    if(readvoice == "forward")

    {

   digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,HIGH);

  digitalWrite(in4,HIGH);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(500);

    }

   

    else if(readvoice == "back")

    {

  digitalWrite(in1,HIGH);

  digitalWrite(in2,HIGH);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(1000);

           digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    }

    

       else if(readvoice == "left")

    {

     digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,HIGH);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(1000);

             digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    }

      else if(readvoice == "full left")

    {

     digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,HIGH);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(1500);

             digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    }

    

       else if(readvoice == "right")

    {

     digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,HIGH);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(500);

             digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    }

      else if(readvoice == "full right")

    {

     digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,HIGH);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    analogWrite(pwm1,pwm);

    analogWrite(pwm2,pwm);

      delay(1000);

             digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

    }

    

       else if(readvoice == "stop")

    {

       digitalWrite(in1,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in2,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in3,LOW);

  digitalWrite(in4,LOW);

      delay(100);

    }

    readvoice="";}} //reset the variable

Conclusion:                                   

Thus, by utilizing a simple android device, this project was implemented. An application for android was developed for the differently abled people to control the wheel chair using simple voice commands. A bluetooth connection was established between the android device and the wheelchair. Therefore, by doing so the cost of hardware was reduced and its scope of implementation was greatly increased. Since the application is based on android platform, future upgrades are solely dependent on firmware updates. As the utilization of smartphones is exponentially increasing in developing countries like India, this project aims to assist the differently abled by means of these Android smartphones.

Reverse Car Parking using Arduino and Ultrasonic sensor.

The biggest challenge for a new car driving learner is driving the vehicle in reverse gear. It becomes difficult to view the objects behind the vehicle through the rare view mirror. This is also due to the bulky structure of the vehicle and the difficulty in looking behind when the back seats are fully occupied. In becomes difficult to judge minute movements required while passing through a tiny lane and also while removing your vehicle from parallel parking.

These challenges results in many vehicular accidents throughout the globe, many of these accidents are due to the problems that occur in detecting objects while taking a reverse.

Components Required for the project.

Arduino,Ultrasonic sensor,Lcd

1.Ultrasonic sensor- It is used to measure distance from the back for reverse parking.

2. LCD- It is used to display the distance to the driver.

3.Arduino- Microcontroller for the Project.

Interfacing arduino with Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 and LCD.

            

Code:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

int trig=2;

int echo=3;

int dist, time, ledon;

LiquidCrystal LCD(13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8);

/* LCD RS pin to digital pin 13

 * LCD Enable pin to digital pin 12

 * LCD D4 pin to digital pin 11

 * LCD D5 pin to digital pin 10

 * LCD D6 pin to digital pin 9

 * LCD D7 pin to digital pin 8*/

void setup()

{LCD.clear(); 

  LCD.begin(16, 2);

  Serial.begin(9600);

  pinMode(trig,OUTPUT);

  pinMode(echo,INPUT);

}

void loop()

{

  lcd.clear();

  digitalWrite(trig,LOW);

  delayMicroseconds(5);

  digitalWrite(trig,HIGH);

  delayMicroseconds(10);

  digitalWrite(trig,LOW);

   time= pulseIn(echo,HIGH);

  dist= (time/58.2);

  LCD.setCursor(0,0);

  LCD.print(dist);

  LCD.setCursor(5,0);

  LCD.print("cm");

  Serial.println(dist);

  delay(500);

}

The driver will be able to park the car without looking back.

This project can be have additional features like generating bill depending upon the time the car has spent in the parking lot. Other can be adding a motor to open and close the garage door, entry and exit time in a parking lot, parking space reservations in malls, theatres etc.